前苏联专利SU1069611A3 Tool electrode for electrical discharge cutting

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专利摘要:
For cutting by spark erosion, use is made, as the electrode, of a metal wire coated with a layer which is at least partially insulating, whose breakdown voltage is lower than the voltage supplied by a pulse generator. This layer may consist of a semiconducting material, for example of an oxide of zinc and/or of cadmium. This electride makes it possible to increase the machining current, and therefore the cutting speed, whilst practically eliminating short circuits.
公开号:SU1069611A3
申请号:SU802990887
申请日:1980-09-29
公开日:1984-01-23
发明作者:Бриффо Жан-Поль；Мартэн Ролан；Пфо Жан；Боммели Бернар；Шнельманн Даниель
申请人:Ателье Де Шармий С.А. (Фирма)；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

The invention relates to electrophysical and electrochemical processing methods and can be used for electroerosive cutting with wire electrode.
An electrical tool for electroerosion cut is known, made of wire coated with a metal or alloy with a low melting point J, for example zinc. This electrode tool allows you to protect the base of the wire from the destruction of electrical discharges and that increase the processing performance without the risk of wire breakage Cl
However, when using electroerosive cutting, electrodes-wires have a diameter of a few tenths of a millimeter and have a small stiffness. The gap separating the electrode-wire from the part, joins several eqronne, due to which, under the action of various disturbing forces, frequent short-circuiting of the electrode and the part, which reduces the processing performance.
The aim of the invention is to improve the performance by reducing short circuits, which is achieved by obtaining the semiconductor properties of the coating when it comes into contact with the part and has conductive properties during breakdown
To achieve the goal, a light metal coated metal electrode is coated with a 200–2000 D thick metal oxide film.
This metal oxide film is sufficiently thick to exhibit semiconductor properties in contact with the part when the potential difference between them is several volts and at the same vregl becomes conductive under electrical breakdown of the interelectrode gap, when the potential difference significantly increases .
Fig 1 shows a conductor electrode according to the first embodiment, a section; FIG. - node I in FIG. 1; in fig. 3 — current-voltage curves noted during contact with the surface of the proposed conductor; Fig. 4, the conductor -elecrhod according to the second embodiment, the g-section; in FIG. 5, node I in FIG. 4.
The conductor electrode includes a copper core 1 (Fig. 1) and a coating consisting of a copper zinc alloy film 2 coated with a layer of zinc oxide 3 (ZnO). The core diameter may be 220 µM film thickness qydi-zinc 8 µm and layer thickness zinc oxide 1 micron
To achieve good electrical conductivity and tensile strength, it is possible, for example, to use brass or steel with a sheath metal which is a good conductor. In order to obtain a conductor, it is necessary to produce a several micron precipitation. In this case, in principle, any metal or alloy can be used at the boiling point below, if it is bonded to the metal core, has satisfactory mechanical properties, is chemically stable and slightly toxic. The oxide film may be formed or deposited on its surface. Taking into account the small thickness of the layer, the electrical resistivity can be very high. Good results are obtained with a single zinc film with a thickness of 5-15 microns, electrolytically deposited. The thickness is 5 μm in the same order as the crater depth of erosion. The layer is subjected to an annealing in a milliard atmosphere, e.g. free air, to obtain a zinc oxide film on the surface.
It is advisable to interrupt the oxidation of the zinc film before the conversion of zinc to oxide, since metallic zinc has a low evaporation temperature, which contributes to horshich processing conditions. During the heat treatment, a mixture of zinc and its oxide is formed, which gives good results.
The conductors are heated for at least two seconds at a temperature of at least 600 ° C. Film formation occurs quickly at the beginning of heating, then more and more easily, apparently due to c / amosocytes of the oxide, resulting in a film with a thickness of 20Q-2000 / V in the presence of CBJrflb between surface irregularities and film penetration. in the form of threads on several rvdkron inside the substrate.
When a potential difference between a few volts and a hundred volts is supplied through gshen to the filler of a conducting oxide, depending on their thickness, the film becomes conductive as a result of thermal and / or electrical breakdown. When the potential difference is lower than. a few volts, the film conducts a locally very weak current, thus preventing short circuits. Thus, it is possible to control the film thickness so that the breakdown occurs at the voltage of a particular generator. The electrical properties of oxides depend not only on their chemical composition, but also on the method of their preparation, which
determines their purity and physical structure. These films adhere to the surface of metal films. At the same time, they can be formed by non-metallic materials, such as carbides, borides, silicides, sulfides and nitrides.
The surface of the electrode appears as very uneven, so if it resulted from the formation of granules of various sizes (from 0.1 to several microns) with numerous gaps, it all resembles the structure of a sponge. A microprobe analysis of the transverse rupture showed the presence of holes from 1 to 2 µm, which confirms the aforementioned spongy structure with respect to the surface. The same analysis showed that heat treatment causes the diffusion of copper atoms of the metal core into the zinc layer and vice versa, so 4to pure zinc disappears in favor of the copper-zinc alloy containing approximately 10-20% copper.
Zinc atoms diffuse more quickly than copper atonftj, therefore the paths formed by zinc atoms that diffuse inside are not immediately filled with copper atoms, and this may be the cause of the observed porosity ..
The formed electrode is much easier wetted with water, which serves as a working fluid. This improves the cooling of the electrode, which increases the operating current.
The almost complete suppression of short jaws during processing convincingly proves that zinc oxide, which is a semiconductor, interferes with the easy passage of current during random contacts between the conductor and the part. About contact, which leads to a short circuit with a very small resistance, it is known that at high intensities the metals melt and are locally welded, which occurs between steel and copper. On the contrary, with the help of the proposed conductor, which is not welded, there is a rapid local heating, which is promoted by great resistance at the point of contact of zinc oxide and the development of the electric discharge producing the treatment.
Two typical voltage curves were obtained during contact with the surface of the conductor (Fig. 3), depending on the point of contact selected and the applied pressure. The curve OL is a curve that is most often formed with a bend.
1 - 5 in and I - 0,1
at values Up
1 mA, the asymmetry indicates the presence of a rectifier effect.
since materials of different conductivity are used, namely metal and semiconductor oxide.
A conductor with a copper core 1 and two coatings 2 and 3 superimposed on each other (an alloy of copper and zinc) is coated with, respectively, films of zinc oxide (ZnO) 4 and 5 (Fig. 4). Instead of one layer of zinc tolcine 8 µm, the first layer 2 is applied with a thickness of 4 µm and is first calcined in
This condition creates a zinc oxide film 4. This operation is followed by the application of a second layer 3 of zinc with a thickness of 4 µm, and a second calcination is carried out, similar to the first one, which gives the surface of the zinc oxide film 5. The same phenomena of diffusion of copper into zinc and vice versa are noted together with the resulting porosity, which gives the surface unevenness.
This structure of two oxide films makes it possible to reduce the size of a single film, the thickness of which is limited to 1 µm and inevitably
5 is subject to local destruction by m-exposure. Due to the superimposed stacks of oxide, a conductor is obtained, the lifetime of the active surface of which is increased. The best results are obtained with a layered structure containing three or four layers, and firing for processing a part 40 mm thick, more layers can be used for processing a part 100 mm thick or more.
The presence of ZnO in the surface on a single zinc film allows the cutting speed to be increased by 30% relative to R for a conductor without an oxide film for the part; 40 mm thick. If the same conductor is made of copper with the first layer of zinc with a thickness of 4 μm, followed by roasting, then
5 with a second layer 4 microns thick, also followed by firing, the speed increases by 55% with respect to the first value. Continuing to increase the same core diameter from
0 copper and the same final conductor diameter with its coating 8 microns thick, get the best {results using three or four layers - and firing, an increase in speed in these
5 conditions exceed 60%.
The conductor core may be copper, but other metals can be used, such as tungsten or molybdenum. This core can
0 also be formed from several layered metals. The use of the proposed electrode will provide a significant increase in processing performance.

权利要求:
Claims (1)
[1]
ELECTRODE-TOOL FOR ELECTROEROSION CUTTING, made in the form of a wire having a coating of fusible metals, characterized in that, in order to increase processing performance by obtaining semiconductor properties of the electrode coating when it is in contact with the part and conductive properties during electrical breakdown, on the coating of fusible metal apply a film of oxide of this metal with a thickness of 200-2000A
1196901

类似技术:

公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题

SU1069611A3|1984-01-23|Tool electrode for electrical discharge cutting

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同族专利:

公开号 | 公开日

JPS5662730A|1981-05-28|

CH634245A5|1983-01-31|

JPS613615B2|1986-02-03|

引用文献:

公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题

RU2449865C2|2007-12-10|2012-05-10|ОКИ ЭЛЕКТРИК КЕЙБЛ Ко., ЛТД.|Electrode wire for electric erosion processing, method of its production and system to produce base wire there for|

JPS6322930B2|1979-12-25|1988-05-13|Furukawa Electric Co Ltd|

JPH0435543B2|1984-06-07|1992-06-11|Sumitomo Electric Industries|

JPS6351812B2|1984-09-26|1988-10-17|Sharumiiyu Tekunorojii Sa|

JPH0471646B2|1984-12-08|1992-11-16|Fujikura Ltd|

US4686153A|1984-12-08|1987-08-11|Fujikura Ltd.|Electrode wire for use in electric discharge machining and process for preparing same|

JPH0573528B2|1985-04-17|1993-10-14|Fujikura Kk|

JPH0431808B2|1985-05-31|1992-05-27|

JPH0542465Y2|1987-11-25|1993-10-26|

US5945010A|1997-09-02|1999-08-31|Composite Concepts Company, Inc.|Electrode wire for use in electric discharge machining and process for preparing same|

JP4890011B2|2005-11-29|2012-03-07|金井宏彰|Electrode wire for electric discharge machining|

JP2009108418A|2008-12-12|2009-05-21|Mitsubishi Electric Corp|Wire discharge machining method and wire discharge machining apparatus, and electrode for wire discharge machining|

法律状态:

优先权:

申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

CH917079A|CH634245A5|1979-10-11|1979-10-11|Method and electrode for spark cutting|LV930813A| LV5419A3|1979-10-11|1993-06-30|Electro-erosion cutting tool - electrode|

LTRP928A| LT2269B|1979-10-11|1993-09-03|ELECTRICAL INSTRUMENT FOR ELECTROEROSIS CUTTING|

MD94-0069A| MD50C2|1979-10-11|1994-03-25|Electrode-instrument for electric erosion cutting|

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